Eğitim / Elt Materials 3 Nisan 2024

BBC Learning English – 6 Minute English / Heatwaves: can we adapt? – bbc.co.uk

BBC Learning English – 6 Minute English / Heatwaves: can we adapt? – bbc.co.uk

BBC Learning English – 6 Minute English / Heatwaves: can we adapt? – bbc.co.uk
(Image: Getty)
Many cities are getting hotter and hotter. This can cause many problems for the people who live in them. What can we do to make heatwaves more bearable?
People in India use ‘jaali’ to keep their homes cool, but what is it? Is it:
a) a tall house designed to reduce sunlight?
b) a honeycomb pattern used in windows? or,
c) a system for spraying cool water?
Listen to the programme to hear the answer.
sweat
salty water which the body passes through the skin to stay cool
ventilation
the movement of fresh air around a closed space
power cut
period of time when the supply of electricity is stopped
daily wage earners
someone who earns money on a day-to-day basis meaning that they will receive no money if they do not work
slum
poor and crowded area of a city with very bad living and housing conditions
subsidise
pay part of the cost of something
TRANSCRIPT
Note: This is not a word-for-word transcript.
Beth
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I’m Beth.
Neil
And I’m Neil.
Beth
I have a confession to make, Neil – I love the hot weather. It’s a chance to get outside, maybe get a suntan. But sometimes it gets too hot, even for me.
Neil
Yes, depending where in the world you live, you’ve probably noticed that it’s getting hotter year after year. 2023 is the hottest year on record with heatwaves in many countries around the world, even Britain.
Beth
When it gets too hot, the human body knows how to cool down. It sweats, passing salty water called sweat through the skin to lose heat. But unlike the body, houses don’t know how to keep cool. And in hot parts of the world where air conditioning is unavailable, or unaffordable, this is a real problem.
Neil
In this programme, we’ll be hearing about an innovative new idea for keeping houses cool in one of the hottest countries on Earth, India. And as usual we’ll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.
Beth
But before we hear more about this sweaty subject, I have a question for you, Neil. Living in cities where summer temperatures regularly exceed 45 degrees Celsius, Indians have been finding clever ways to keep their houses cool for over five thousand years. One of them is called ‘jaali’, but what exactly is it? Is ‘jaali’: 
a)    a tall house designed to reduce sunlight?
b)    a honeycomb pattern used in windows?  or,
c)    a system for spraying cool water?
Neil
Hmmm, I’ll guess jaali is, b) a honeycomb window pattern.
Beth
OK, Neil, we’ll find out the answer later in the programme. In May 2022, the temperature in Uttar Pradesh, the largest state in north India, reached 49.2 degrees Celsius. Roshni Diwakar is a consultant for the Mahila Housing Trust, an NGO helping poor Indian women to heat-proof their houses. These women often work from home while their husbands are out in the heat working on construction sites. Here Roshni describes a typical house to BBC World Service programme, People Fixing The World: 
Roshni Diwakar
They live in a small one-bedroom house with no windows, no natural ventilation. They don’t necessarily have illegal electric connections, and even if they do, they don’t have electricity 24 hours a day – there are power cuts, especially in the summer months. Many of them have tin roofs which of course will really heat up. Health gets affected, because their health is affected their livelihood gets affected, because they’re daily wage earners – if you don’t work you don’t earn. 
Neil
Many of the houses have no window so there is no ventilation – the movement of fresh air around a space. Air conditioning needs electricity which most families can’t afford, and even those who can experience frequent power cuts – periods when the supply of electricity is stopped.
Beth
In this heat, sickness is common. Often the men can’t work, which is a problem because they are the daily wage earners – someone who earns money on a day-to-day basis meaning that they will receive no money if they cannot work. Families spend most of the day outside in the street, and at night it’s still too hot to sleep, even on the roof.
Neil
But fortunately, Roshni has been working on a clever cool roof solution – white paint. Painting reflective anti-solar white paint on the roof can reduce room temperatures by up to 4 degrees. It may not sound like much, but it makes a big difference and allows families to work, cook, and even sleep inside. Here’s Roshni again, talking with BBC World Service programme, People Fixing The World:
Roshni Diwakar
This has honestly been the most successful of the technologies that they’ve adopted. We started off by doing it in the city of Ahmedabad, but we’ve done it across other cities – we’ve done it in Bangalore, we’ve done it in Jodhpur. In fact in Jodhpur we’ve done it in an entire slum.
Myra Anubi
Mahila Housing Trust gets external funding and uses it to subsidise the cost of the paint meaning communities only end up paying 15 to 20% of the actual price.
Beth
Roshni’s housing trust has been painting houses in cities all over India. In Jodhpur, a city on the edge of the Thar Desert, they painted an entire slum – a poor and crowded area of a city with very bad housing conditions.
Neil
What’s more, the trust subsidises the paint meaning they pay part of the cost, so even the poorest families can afford it. It’s a great example of Indians skilfully finding ways of adapting to the heat – a modern version of ‘jaali’, you could say. So, what was the answer to your question, Beth? Was my idea – that ‘jaali’ is a honeycomb pattern used in windows – correct? 
Beth
It was… the correct answer! ‘Jaali’ is a honeycomb design with many small holes set into wooden or stone windows. The small holes keep out the sunlight, and cool down the air coming in.

Neil
OK, it’s time to recap the vocabulary we’ve learned in this programme, starting with sweat – passing salty water through the skin to stay cool.
Beth
Ventilation is the movement of fresh air. 
Neil
A power cut is an interruption in the supply of electricity.
Beth
A daily wage earner is a worker who earns money on a day-to-day basis.
Neil
A slum is a very poor and crowded area of a city.
Beth
And finally, if you subsidise something, you pay part of its cost. Once again our 6 minutes are up. Goodbye for now!
Neil
Bye!
How can female farmers beat rural sexism?
What can the Moon tell us about Earth?
Do we even want to live without plastic?
Could we eat invasive species?
Mozzarella, ricotta, cannolis and focaccia… Where are we? Little Italy of course!
What are the health risks of social media for teenagers?
Have you ever seen an alien?
How can you stop elephants eating your crops?
Is it OK to eat animals that can feel emotion?
How do people live to 100?
Do you know how your money is being invested?
Should we be using mushrooms as medicine?
How can dead languages be revived?
Are there any sounds you find upsetting?
What language do fans use?
Do men find it hard to make and keep friends?
How can we find space for more solar panels?
What do our names reveal about our culture and family history?
Can we adapt to heatwaves?
Does work leave you feeling bored and exhausted?
What is eco-anxiety and do you have it?
Can natural disasters be prevented?
Different ways to say sorry.
Do you pick the fruit you eat from trees?
Can plants clean up our mess?
How human are chatbots?
Should we treat plants with the same consideration we treat animals with?
Does sound make food taste better?
Would being lazy have a purpose in life?
Hear how subtitles can help bring TV and movies to life
We discuss the growing popularity of ecotourism.
With warming temperatures, mosquitos are now spreading to new areas, including Europe.
Listen to an expert on the global food system.
BBC war correspondent Fergal Keane tells his story.
We talk about an essential element for life to thrive.
We discuss some of the reasons why women make up only 26% of the world’s politicians.
We discuss the role of museums in the 21st century and the items taken from different countries.
What ways do you think culture can influence sadness?
Hear about a new kind of vegetable making an entrance in British kitchens
Let’s talk about the ugly green-eyed monster
We discuss the role of crowds in modern life
We look at the link between what you eat and how you feel.
The dos and don’ts of trying to discuss science with someone who doesn’t believe in it
Hear the story of a woman who replaced her native Czech for English.
Could ‘an apple a day keep the doctor away’?
Do you leave your work until the last minute?
What is doomscrolling and why are we attracted to bad news? Listen to find out!
What’s the least amount of exercise you should do to stay healthy?
Hear about the software engineer who became ‘friends’ with his computer
Does the size of your carbon footprint depend on where in the world you were born? Listen to find out!
Neil and Sam discuss buffet meals and the history behind them.
Writing a memorable song isn’t easy. So is there an art to good songwriting?

For a better experience please enable Javascript in your browser

source

Spread the love <3

You may also like...

Mar
31
2024
0
Fisker loses customers’ money, Robinhood launches a credit card, and Google generates travel itineraries

Fisker loses customers’ money, Robinhood launches a credit card, and Google generates travel itineraries

Hey, folks, welcome to Week in Review (WiR), TechCrunch’s newsletter recapping the notable happenings in tech over the past few...

Spread the love <3
Ağu
02
2024
0

Türkiye’de kapatılan Threads, kullanıcı sayısını katlamaya devam ediyor

Hatırlarsınız ki Rekabet Kurumu’nun kararıyla Instagram’ın X rakibi platformu Threads, Türkiye’deki kullanıcılar için kapatılmıştı. 29 Nisan 2024 tarihinden beri Threads’e...

Spread the love <3
May
14
2024
0
Klasik Siri’ye elveda! Yapay zekalı asistan ortaya çıktı

Klasik Siri’ye elveda! Yapay zekalı asistan ortaya çıktı

Apple, yapay zeka yarışında geride kalmak istemiyor. Bir süredir Google ve OpenAI ile görüştüğü belirtilen şirketin, Siri için kapsamlı güncelleme...

Spread the love <3
May
13
2024
0
¿Qué es PHP? bien explicado

¿Qué es PHP? bien explicado

PHP es un lenguaje de programación interpretado, cuyo código se procesa en un servidor. y es especialmente utilizado en el...

Spread the love <3
Whatsapp İletişim
Merhaba,
Size nasıl yardımcı olabilirim ?